Paṭiccasamuppāda – Roots, Links, Factors, Periods, and Rounds

Wheel of Dependent Origination diagram:

• Center (Hub): Roots – Avijjā & Taṇhā

• Outer Ring: 12 Links in sequential order with arrows showing causal flow

• Outer Annotation: The three Vattas – Kilesa → Kamma → Vipāka

• Flow: Continuous cycle with no start or end, representing saṃsāra

the color-coded Wheel of Dependent Origination showing:

• Gold (Past Cause): Avijjā, Saṅkhāra

• Light Green (Present Result): Viññāṇa → Vedanā

• Light Blue (Present Cause): Taṇhā → Bhava

• Pink (Future Result): Jāti, Jarā–Maraṇa

The center still shows the Roots (Avijjā & Taṇhā), and arrows indicate the cyclic progression.
This way, readers can instantly see the temporal division from Chapter II alongside the doctrinal flow from Chapter I.

Category	Details	Pāli Terms	Notes / Explanation
Roots	2 Roots	Avijjā, Taṇhā	The starting points of the causal chain; Ignorance and Craving.
Saccas (Truths)	2 shown (in Vatta-desanā); 2 hidden	Samudaya-sacca, Dukkha-sacca; (Hidden: Magga-sacca, Nirodha-sacca)	Only Samudaya and Dukkha are emphasized here because Magga and Nirodha are obscured by Avijjā.
Sections	4 Sections	(1) Past Causal Continuum(2) Present Causal Resultant(3) Present Causal Continuum(4) Future Causal Resultant	Divides the links into temporal sequences and results.
Factors	20 Factors	Past Causal Factors: Avijjā, Saṅkhāra, Taṇhā, Upādāna, BhavaPresent Resultant Factors: Viññāṇa, Nāma–Rūpa, Saḷāyatana, Phassa, VedanāPresent Causal Factors: Taṇhā, Upādāna, Bhava, Avijjā, SaṅkhāraFuture Causal Resultant Factors: Viññāṇa, Nāma–Rūpa, Saḷāyatana, Phassa, Vedanā	Shows how past causes create present results, which in turn create future causes and results.
Links	12 Links	1. Avijjā2. Saṅkhāra3. Viññāṇa4. Nāma–Rūpa5. Saḷāyatana6. Phassa7. Vedanā8. Taṇhā9. Upādāna10. Bhava11. Jāti12. Jarā–Maraṇa	The standard sequence of dependent origination.
Periods	3 Periods	Past, Present, Future	Links are distributed across three time phases.
Vattas (Rounds)	3 Vattas	Kilesa–vatta (Round of Defilements)Kamma–vatta (Round of Actions)Vipāka–vatta (Round of Results)	Shows the cyclic nature of defilements → actions → results.
Connections	3 Connections	1. Past Cause → Present Result2. Present Cause → Present Result3. Present Cause → Future Result	Demonstrates causal relationships across time.

 The final layered wheel diagram 

• Inner Hub: Roots (Avijjā, Taṇhā)

• Middle Ring: 12 Links with color-coded sections for Past Cause, Present Result, Present Cause, Future Result

• Outer Ring: Three Vattas —

  • 🟧 Kilesa–vatta (Defilements)

  • 🟦 Kamma–vatta (Actions)

  • 🟩 Vipāka–vatta (Results)

• Arrows: Show continuous cyclic causality of saṃsāra